Pakistan, a country known for its rich history and diverse culture, boasts a myriad of cities, each with its unique story to tell. From the bustling capital of Islamabad to the ancient city of Taxila, these urban centers are a testament to Pakistan’s vibrant past and promising future.
Islamabad: Where Religion Meets Governance
In 1959, Pakistan established its capital, Islamabad, as the seat of government. The name, Islamabad, draws its roots from the religion of Islam, signifying the importance of faith in the country’s governance.
Rawalpindi: The City Founded by Chaudhry Jhanday Khan
Rawalpindi, often referred to as Pindi, traces its origins to the 15th century when Chaudhry Jhanday Khan laid its foundation. It has since grown into a significant urban center adjacent to Islamabad.
Karachi: From Fishing Village to Megacity
Around 220 years ago, Karachi was a small fishing village known as “Kolachi” after the Baloch tribe. Gradually, it evolved into the bustling metropolis we know today. From 1947 to 1959, it served as Pakistan’s capital.
Lahore: The City with Evolving Names
According to one theory, Lahore’s name originated from the Hindu god Rama’s son, Lava, and his city, Lavapuri. Over the centuries, Lahore underwent numerous name changes, eventually becoming the ‘Lahore’ we recognize today.
The Tale of Two Lahores
Another intriguing theory suggests that Lahore was founded by two migrant brothers, Lahore and Kasur. While one brother established Kasur, the other settled in the city now known as Lahore. The city’s name was subsequently changed to Lahore in honor of its residents’ origins.
Hyderabad: From Nerunkot to the City of Hyder
Hyderabad was formerly known as Nerunkot. It was renamed Hyderabad by Ghulam Kalhora in 1768 in honor of Hyder Ali, a notable ruler.
Peshawar: Where Warriors Thrive
Peshawar’s name can be traced back to its martial heritage, as it was a hub for professional soldiers. Another legend attributes its name to Mahmud of Ghazni.
Quetta: The Fortified City
The name ‘Quetta’ is derived from the Persian word ‘Kwata,’ meaning fort. Gradually, it evolved from Kwata to Quetta.
Toba Tek Singh: The Town by the Lake
Toba Tek Singh owes its name to a Sikh named Tek Singh, who resided beneath a tree by Toba Lake. He provided water to travelers at the railway station, giving rise to the city’s name. Saadat Hasan Manto’s story, “Toba Tek Singh,” is also associated with this town.
Sargodha: Where ‘Sar’ Meets ‘Godha’
Sargodha’s name is a combination of ‘Sar’ (lake) and ‘Godha’ (a person’s name), reflecting its proximity to a lake where a hermit named Godha resided. It was officially established in 1930.
Bahawalpur: The City Named After a Nawab
Bahawalpur was founded and named after Nawab Bahawal Khan in honor of his contributions to the region. It was the first princely state to join Pakistan.
Multan: The Ancient City of Kasappur
Multan, one of the oldest cities in the world, has a history dating back over 4,000 years. According to Al-Biruni, it was founded in the ancient era and was initially known as ‘Kasappur.’
Faisalabad: A City Born of Renaming
Originally named ‘Lyallpur’ during British rule, Faisalabad was renamed after King Faisal of Saudi Arabia following a royal decree.
Rahim Yar Khan: The Legacy of Nawab Rahim Yar Khan
Rahim Yar Khan was named after Nawab Rahim Yar Khan, a prominent figure in Bahawalpur’s history.
Abdul Hakim: The Spiritual Hub
Named after a revered spiritual figure, Abdul Hakim, this town in Southern Punjab is known for its Sufi heritage.
Sahiwal: The Homeland of Sais
Sahiwal’s name can be linked to professional plowmen known as ‘Sais’ during British rule. Hence, it was initially called ‘Sahival.’
Gujranwala: The Transformation of Khanpur
Gujranwala, previously known as Khanpur, underwent a name change when immigrants from Amritsar arrived, renaming it Gujranwala.
Sheikhupura: The City Named After a Mian
Sheikhupura was named after Mian Sheikh, a prominent figure in the region during the 16th century.
Hafizabad: The City of Hafiz
Hafizabad was named after Hafiz Musa, a famous scholar, and Sufi poet of the area.
Sialkot: The Land of Siaals
Sialkot’s name is said to be associated with the Siaal tribe, who were among its early inhabitants. During British rule, it was named ‘Sialkot.’
Gujrat: The City of Gujars
Gujrat derives its name from the Gujjar tribe, which has a significant presence in the region.
Dera Ghazi Khan: The Abode of Ghazi Khan
Dera Ghazi Khan was named after Nawab Ghazi Khan Mirrani, a renowned leader of the Mirani tribe.
Jhang: From Jhok Rana to Jhang
Jhang’s history dates back centuries when it was known as ‘Jhok Rana.’ Over time, it evolved into Jhang, with the name reflecting its transformation.
Taxila: The Cradle of Gandhara Civilization
Taxila is renowned as a center of Gandhara civilization and one of the world’s oldest cities, with a history that spans over 5,000 years. It was conquered by Alexander the Great in 326 BC.
Bahawalnagar: Named After Nawab Bahawal Khan
Bahawalnagar was named after Nawab Bahawal Khan Abbasi, a prominent figure in Bahawalpur’s history.
Muzaffargarh: The City Named After Nawab Muzaffar Khan
Muzaffargarh was established and named after Nawab Muzaffar Khan, a respected leader in the region.
Khanewal: The City of Nawab Khan
Khanewal takes its name from Nawab Khan, a significant figure in the city’s history.
Dera Ismail Khan: The Frontier City
Dera Ismail Khan is strategically located at the convergence of four provinces, making it a frontier city with a unique cultural blend.
Jhelum: The City by the River
Jhelum, situated along the banks of the Jhelum River, derives its name from this geographical feature.
Nowshera: The City of Nowsh
Nowshera was named after the Mughal commander Nowshirwan, who established a military post in the area.
Chakwal: The Town by the River
Chakwal’s name is attributed to its proximity to the Chakwal River.
Attock: The Gateway to the Northwest
Attock, historically known as ‘Campbellpur,’ is a city with a rich military heritage, serving as a gateway to the northwest of Pakistan.
Conclusion
Pakistan’s cities are not just urban centers but living testaments to its cultural, historical, and geographical diversity. Each name tells a story of the region’s past, offering a unique perspective on the nation’s rich heritage. Explore these cities, and you’ll discover a tapestry of traditions and tales that make Pakistan truly extraordinary.